Common Pollution Tax: Is it fair?

In chapter 6, Stiglitz proposes that a better alternative framework for curbing global pollution: imposing a common carbon emission tax on all countries of the world. Although his reasoning for such a bold proposal is economically logical, I am a little skeptical about the fairness of it.

Stiglitz himself acknowledges, "[but] the level of emission could well differ from country to country, depending on their circumstances...[a] very hot country might, for example, use more energy for air-conditioning than a country with more moderate temperature" (181). We all know that most impoverished developing countries today are tropical/sub-tropical countries, hence in the exact situation that Stiglitz is exemplifying. Would it be really just to levy heavy tax on the countries whose GDP is so low that its citizens can barely meet daily needs simply because they happen to be living near the Earth's equator?

Also, since Lindesy mentioned G-20 on her blog, here is a picture of Putin and Obama holding koala bears at the summit.